菏泽市古称曹州，历史悠久，是中国牡丹之都。这片古老的土地上，牡丹的传说如同花香般弥漫了1500余年。2011年，牡丹传说被列入第三批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
Heze, anciently known as Caozhou, is a city with a long history and is acclaimed as the "City of Peonies" in China. On this ancient land, the legends of peonies have spread like the fragrance of flowers for over 1,500 years. In 2011, the legends of peonies were selected into the third batch of the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
簪落绿绽
The Falling Hairpin Becoming the Doulu Peony
传说，豆绿牡丹是玉簪子变的。相传菏泽有个青年花农，日夜憧憬着将“花魁”的金匾挂在自家门口。百花仙子指点他，若想实现愿望，必须赴黄河滩取土，至东海汲水。仙子从发间取下碧玉簪，轻掷于地，一道绿光闪过，玉簪便消失无踪。青年花农历经千辛万苦，终于在玉簪入土之地培育出一株独特的绿牡丹，赢得了“花魁”的荣誉，更使得“豆绿”成为了牡丹中的稀世之宝。
According to the legend, the Doulu Peony originated from a jade hairpin. It is said that in Heze, there was a young flower farmer who always dreamed of hanging the plaque of "Flower Queen" in front of his house. The Fairy of Flowers told him that to achieve his wish, he must fetch soil from the Yellow River beach and draw water from the East Sea. The fairy took a jade hairpin from her hair, lightly threw it to the ground.After a flash of green light, the hairpin vanished.After enduring countless hardships, the young flower farmer finally cultivated a unique green peony at the spot where the hairpin had been buried in the soil. The flower won the honor of "Flower Queen", and "Doulu" became a rare treasure among peonies.
青龙护花
The Green Dragon Protecting the Peonies
而“青龙卧墨池”的得名更为离奇：昆仑山小青龙至曹州赏牡丹，见土地干裂，牡丹枯黄，心生怜悯，于是冒险盗瑶池仙水救活牡丹。其中，“百年红”牡丹变红衣仙女，为救小青龙，自浸泰山墨池染成黑紫牡丹，小青龙藏身其花蕊，躲过王母娘娘捉拿。因花蕊青绿似龙，得名“青龙卧墨池”。
The name "Qinglong Wo Mochi" (Green Dragon Lying in the Ink Pond) has an even more bizarre origin: A young dragon from Kunlun Mountain came to Caozhou to admire the peonies. Seeing the parched land and withered peonies, he felt compassion and he risked his life to steal the immortal water from the Yaochi to revive them. Among them, a "Bai Nian Hong" peony transformed into a red-clad fairy. To save the young dragon, she immersed herself in the black ink pond of Mount Tai and became a dark purple peony. The young dragon hid in the peony’s stamen, escaping the capture by the Queen Mother of the West. Because the stamen was greenish-blue like a dragon, the peony was named "Qinglong Wo Mochi".
怒拒皇命
The Defiance Against the Imperial Command
“黑牡丹”则与女皇武则天有关：据传，为了庆祝自己的寿辰，女皇下令百花齐放。然而，牡丹花却未曾应命绽放。武则天因此震怒，将牡丹逐出长安城。那些深爱故土的牡丹，宁愿被烈火焚身，也不愿离开。次年，这些牡丹竟绽放出黑中带红的花朵，宛如烈火中重生的凤凰，因此得名。
The "Black Peony" is associated with the Empress Wu Zetian. It is said that to celebrate her birthday, the empress ordered all flowers to bloom. However, the peonies refused to blossom as commanded. Enraged, Wu Zetian banished the peonies from Chang'an. The peonies, deeply attached to their homeland, would rather be burned to ashes than leave. The following year, these peonies bloomed with flowers that were black with a hint of red, resembling a phoenix reborn from the flames. Thus, they were named the "Black Peony".
一朵牡丹花讲述千古情。除了这些传统牡丹品种外，1949年至1978年间，菏泽还培育出近300个牡丹新品种，花更大、色更艳、抗病能力更强，比如冠世墨玉、乌金耀辉、香玉等，是菏泽为中国牡丹产业发展作出的又一个历史性贡献。
A single peony tells a timeless tale. In addition to the traditional varieties, Heze cultivated nearly 300 new peony varieties between 1949 and 1978. These new varieties feature larger blooms, more vibrant colors, and stronger disease resistance. Examples include Guanshi Moyu, Wujin Yaohui and Xiangyu. This represents another historic contribution of Heze to the development of China's peony industry.
如今，菏泽牡丹已从传统的观赏花卉，发展成为一个蓬勃发展的产业。每年春季，菏泽国际牡丹文化旅游节吸引着数以百万计的游客，牡丹的芬芳与色彩成为这座城市的名片。将千年花韵转化为现代经济的活力，菏泽牡丹的每一次绽放，都在诉说着新的传奇。
Today, Heze peonies have evolved from traditional ornamental flowers into a thriving industry. Every spring, the Heze International Peony Cultural Tourism Festival attracts millions of visitors, with the fragrance and colors of peonies becoming the city's calling card. Transforming the millennium-old floral charm into modern economic vitality, each bloom of Heze peonies tells a new legend.
（部分素材来源：菏泽市牡丹区人民政府官网 牡丹晚报）
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